330 Chapter 6 Exponential Functions and Sequences
In Exercises 37–40, solve the equation by using the
Property of Equality for Exponential Equations.
37. 30
⋅
5
x + 3
= 150 38. 12
⋅
2
x − 7
= 24
39. 4(3
−2x − 4
) = 36 40. 2(4
2x + 1
) = 128
41. MODELING WITH MATHEMATICS You scan a photo
into a computer at four times its original size. You
continue to increase its size repeatedly by 100%
using the computer. The new size of the photo y in
comparison to its original size after x enlargements on
the computer is represented by y = 2
x + 2
. How many
times must the photo be enlarged on the computer so
the new photo is 32 times the original size?
42. MODELING WITH MATHEMATICS A bacterial culture
quadruples in size every hour. You begin observing
the number of bacteria 3 hours after the culture is
prepared. The amount y of bacteria x hours after the
culture is prepared is represented by y = 192(4
x − 3
).
When will there be 200,000 bacteria?
In Exercises 43–46, solve the equation.
43. 3
3x + 6
= 27
x + 2
44. 3
4x + 3
= 81
x
45. 4
x + 3
= 2
2(x + 1)
46. 5
8(x − 1)
= 625
2x − 2
47. NUMBER SENSE Explain how you can use mental
math to solve the equation 8
x − 4
=
1.
48. PROBLEM SOLVING There are a total of 128 teams at
the start of a citywide 3-on-3 basketball tournament.
Half the teams are eliminated after each round. Write
and solve an exponential equation to determine after
which round there are 16 teams left.
49. PROBLEM SOLVING You deposit $500 in a savings
account that earns 6% annual interest compounded
yearly. Write and solve an exponential equation
to determine when the balance of the account will
be $800.
50. HOW DO YOU SEE IT? The graph shows the annual
attendance at two different events. Each event began
in 2004.
0
4000
8000
12,000
Number of people
Year (0 ↔ 2004)
24680 x
y
Event Attendance
y = 4000(1.25)
x
y = 12,000(0.87)
x
Event 1
Event 2
a. Estimate when the events will have about the
sameattendance.
b. Explain how you can verify your answer in
part(a).
51. REASONING Explain why the Property of Equality
for Exponential Equations does not work when b = 1.
Give an example to justify your answer.
52. THOUGHT PROVOKING Is it possible for an
exponential equation to have two different solutions?
If not, explain your reasoning. If so, give an example.
USING STRUCTURE In Exercises 53– 58, solve the equation.
53. 8
x − 2
=
√
—
8 54.
√
—
5 = 5
x + 4
55.
(
5
√
—
7
)
x
= 7
2x + 3
56. 12
2x − 1
=
(
4
√
—
12
)
x
57.
(
3
√
—
6
)
2x
=
(
√
—
6
)
x + 6
58.
(
5
—
3
)
5x − 10
=
(
8
√
—
3
)
4x
59. MAKING AN ARGUMENT Consider the equation
(
1
—
a
)
x
= b, where a > 1 and b > 1. Your friend says
the value of x will always be negative. Is your friend
correct? Explain.
Maintaining Mathematical ProficiencyMaintaining Mathematical Proficiency
Determine whether the sequence is arithmetic. If so, nd the common difference. (Section 4.6)
60. −20, −26, −32, −38, . . . 61. 9, 18, 36, 72, . . .
62. −5, −8, −12, −17, . . . 63. 10, 20, 30, 40, . . .
Reviewing what you learned in previous grades and lessons
hsnb_alg1_pe_0605.indd 330hsnb_alg1_pe_0605.indd 330 2/5/15 7:51 AM2/5/15 7:51 AM